Working principle of vacuum coating machine

A vacuum coating machine is a device that deposits metal thin films onto the surface of a substrate. Its basic working principle is divided into three steps: cleaning, evaporation, and deposition.
1. Cleaning
Before evaporative deposition, the evaporation chamber must be cleaned. Because there may be oxides, grease, dust and other substances attached to the surface of the evaporation chamber, these will affect the quality of the film. Cleaning usually uses chemical or physical methods.
2. evaporation
The desired material is heated above its melting point so that it forms gaseous molecules. The gaseous molecules are then escaped in the vacuum chamber into the evaporation chamber. This process is called evaporation. The temperature, pressure and rate of evaporation affect the composition, structure and properties of the film.
3. Deposition
The gaseous molecules of the material in the evaporation chamber enter the reaction chamber through the vacuum pipe, react with the active material, and then deposit the product onto the surface of the substrate. This process is called sedimentation. The temperature, pressure and rate of deposition also affect the quality and performance of the film.
2. Application
Vacuum coating machines are widely used in materials science, optics, electronics and other fields.
1. Materials Science
Vacuum coating machines can prepare thin films of various metals, alloys, oxides, silicates and other materials, and are widely used in coatings, optical films, optical storage, displays, transistors and other fields.
2. Optics
The vacuum coating machine can prepare metal and alloy films with high reflectivity and optical films with special functions. These films can be used in solar panels, high-performance electron microscopes, aerogels, UV/IR sensors, optical filters and other fields.
3. Electronics
Vacuum coating machines can prepare nanoscale electronic materials and microelectronic devices. These films can be used in nanotransistors, magnetic memories, sensors and other fields.
In short, the vacuum coating machine can not only prepare various thin film materials, but also prepare thin films with special functions as needed. In the future, vacuum coating technology will be more widely used and promoted.